1998


1998

THE WORLD QUESTION CENTER — 1998 [1.12.98]
Dedicated to the Memory of James Lee Byars (1932-1997)
WHAT QUESTIONS ARE YOU ASKING YOURSELF?

Everything has been explained. There is nothing left to consider. The explanation can no longer be treated as a definition. The question: a description. The answer: not explanation, but a description and knowing how to consider it. Asking or telling: there isn't any difference.


INTELLIGENCE AUGMENTATION [1.20.98]
A Talk with Pattie Maes

I started out doing artificial intelligence, basically trying to study intelligence and intelligent behavior by synthesizing intelligent machines, I realized that what I've been doing in the last seven years could better be referred to as intelligence augmentation, so it's IA as opposed to AI. I'm not trying to understand intelligence and build this stand-alone intelligent machine that is as intelligent as a human and that hopefully teaches us something about how intelligence in humans may work, but instead.


ON THE NATURE OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS: WHY AND HOW DO MATHEMATICIANS JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS? [2.16.98]
A Talk with Verena Huber-Dyson

While engaged in the mathematical endeavor we simply jump, hardly ever asking "why" or "how". It is the only way we know of grappling with the mathematical problem that we are out to understand, to articulate as a question and to answer by a theorem or a whole theory. What drives our curiosity is a question for psychologists.


"WORLD DOMINATION, CORPORATE CUBISM AND ALIEN MIND CONTROL AT THE DIGERATI DINNER—1998" [2.22.98]


CONSCIOUSNESS IS A BIG SUITCASE [2.27.98]
A Talk with Marvin Minsky

My goal is making machines that can think-by understanding how people think. One reason why we find this hard to do is because our old ideas about psychology are mostly wrong.

"THE THIRD CULTURE" [2.27.98]
by Kevin Kelly

Yet science has always been a bit outside society's inner circle. The cultural center of Western civilization has pivoted around the arts, with science orbiting at a safe distance. When we say "culture," we think of books, music, or painting. Since 1937 the United States has anointed a national poet laureate but never a scientist laureate. Popular opinion has held that our era will be remembered for great art, such as jazz. Therefore, musicians are esteemed. Novelists are hip. Film directors are cool. Scientists, on the other hand, are ...nerds.


THE TWO STEVES- PINKER VS. ROSE — A DEBATE [3.25.98]

On January 21st, Steven Pinker and Steven Rose debated each other in an event chaired by Susan Blackmore and held at London University's Institute of Education under the sponsorship of Dillon's and The London Times. Over a thousand people attende — and the event was sold out within three days of being announced. I wish I had been there.....The Two Steves have serious disagreements. But whether it's Steve Pinker weighing forth on the notion that the "problems for our ancestors were subtasks of one big problem for their genes" or Steve Rose asserting that "it is in the nature of living systems to be radically indeterminate, to continually construct their-our-own futures," their debate, their disagreement sharpens and clarifies.


COMPETING FOR CONSCIOUSNESS:
HOW THE SUBCONSCIOUS THOUGHTS COOK ON THE BACKBURNER
[4.30.98]
A Talk with William Calvin

Consciousness is the tip of the iceberg, in the sense that many other things are going on in the brain at the same time, hidden from view. There are subconscious trains of thought that vie for attention.


CODE [6.13.98]
George Dyson & John Brockman: A Dialogue

CODE is an attempt to get at the big issues of the Microsoft-Justice Department situation. George has a biological approach and I have my own points to make. The original dialogue was recorded on May 10th while driving from Connecticut to New York in a rainstorm. No one from inside the Industry was in sight. George and I plan to continue the conversation.


BIRTH ORDER AND THE NATURE MISASSUMPTIION: FRANK SULLOWAY RESPONDS TO JUDITH RICH HARRIS [6.17.98]

Where Harris and I disagree is over the nature of the specific environmental influences that are important in personality development. Harris ascribes these environmental sources almost entirely to the peer group - that is, to influences operating outside of the family environment.


HOW IS PERSONALITY FORMED?[[6.17.98]
Judith Rich Harris Comments on Frank J. Sulloway's Talk

As I show in my book The Nurture Assumption, the strategies children work out at home for getting along with their parents and siblings are likely to be useless in the world outside their home. That is why children's behavior differs systematically in different social contexts. And that is why psychologists looking for birth order effects in modern populations have again and again failed to find them.


SEXUAL SELECTION AND THE MIND [6.26.98]
A Talk with Goeffrey Miller


My goal at this point really is to take evolutionary psychology the next step, and to apply standard of evolutionary theory as much as possible to explain the whole gamut of the human mind, human emotions, human social life, human sexual behavior as much as possible. I'm especially interested in looking at areas that have been relatively ignored or overlooked in the standard evolutionary psychology so far.

HOW CAN EDUCATED PEOPLE CONTINUE TO BE RADICAL ENVIRONMENTALISTS? [6.20.98]
A Talk with David Lykken

How is that some scientists, psychologists like Leon Kamin, biologists like Steven Rose, even the odd geneticist like Richard Lewontin, or the odd paleontologist like Stephen Gould, continue to believe with John Locke that the infant human mind is a tabula rasa. How can they suppose that baby brains are as alike as new Macintosh computers fresh from the factory; indeed, even more alike because the computers at least have operating systems and various ROMs already installed? How can anyone imagine that, sometime in the Pleistocene, evolution mysteriously stopped, but just for one sub-system of one mammalian genus, the nervous system of the genus homo? "


CODE II [6.20.98]
Doyne Farmer & Charles Simonyi: A Reality Club Dialogue

(Simonyi): Doyne Farmer and I read two different metaphors from the biological / evolutionary analogy that George Dyson has advanced.

(Farmer) ...the implications and consequences of this monopoly are much more far reaching than Rockefeller's control of the oil industry. This is much more than a( monopoly - it is control of society's replication machinery for ideas.


THE DEMISE OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AT UC BERKELEY:DISSECTING THE STALEMATE [7.30.98]
An Essay by John McWhorter

I have reluctantly come to suspect that the conviction in question is this one: a quiet but fundamental sense among many African-Americans of influence that the black student who aces the SAT and tolerates nothing less than top grades is stepping outside of what it is to be a proper African-American.


HOW IS PERSONALITY FORMED? [11.24.98]
A Talk with Frank Sulloway

"During the last two decades I have experienced a major shift in my career interests. I started out as a historian of science and was primarily interested in historical questions about people's intellectual lives. In trying to understand the sources of creative achievement in science, I gradually became interested in problems of human development and especially in how Darwinian theory can help us to understand the development of personality. I now consider myself a psychologist, in addition to being an historian."


THE CLOCK OF THE LONG NOW [11.24.98]
A Talk with Stewart Brand

Three years we've been working on building a ten-thousand-year clock and as of this year, '98, we're building a prototype eight feet tall, probably about the size of two refrigerators back to back, and we've got an invitation to debut it at the World Economic Forum in Davos next January, '99 - perfect place to get world leaders and corporate leaders and so on thinking in ten thousand year terms.


1998

John Brockman, Editor and Publisher
Russell Weinberger, Associate Publisher

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